Saturday, November 27, 2021

Understanding of Network and Internet | Computer Network | Internet | Protocol and Standards | Defacto and Dejure

     What is Network?

A group or system of interconnected people or things. 

Example: Group of People (social media), Railway tracks, Highways, Branch offices connected with Head Office.

Figure: Social media network
Figure: Railway track network

What is Computer Network?

Two or more computer systems connected with each other is known as computer network.

Example: Intranet, Internet.


Figure: Internet and Intranet
 


Figure: Network Topology

What is Internet?

The internet is a type of world-wide computer network. Internet is a “network of networks”. Internet is consisted of academic, business and government networks, which carry various information and services. It is global communication accessed through the web. Internet deals with protocols and standards.

Example: E-mail, Web access and services, file transfer

Protocols:

A protocol is a set of rules that governs data communications. Protocol defines the method of communication, how to communicate, when to communicate etc.

Figure: Protocol Syntax

Syntax: Syntax means format of data or the structure how it is pretend. 

For example, first eight bits for sender address, next eight bits for receiver address, rest of the bits for message/information.

Semantics: Semantics is the meaning of each section of bits e.g. The address bit means the route of transmission or final destination of the message.

Timing: Timing means, at what time data can be sent and how fast data can be sent or received.

Standards:

Standards provide guidelines to the manufacturers, vendors, government agencies and service provider. It ensures that interconnectivity and compatibility of the device. Standards help in maintaining market competitiveness and guarantees interoperability. Data communication standards are of two categories: De facto and De Jure.

De facto: De facto means by facts or by convention. The standards that are not approved by any organization but are widely used are De facto standards. These are established by manufacturers.

De jure: De jure means by law or by regulation. These are the standards that are recognized officially by an organization.

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11 comments:

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  2. Chirag Bhalodia's blog post, "Understanding of Network and Internet," offers a clear and concise introduction to fundamental networking concepts. It effectively explains the definitions of networks and the Internet, the role of protocols, and the distinction between de facto and de jure standards. The inclusion of real-world examples and illustrative diagrams enhances comprehension, making it a valuable resource for beginners in computer networking.

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    1. The article provides a basic introduction to networks by explaining the idea of interconnected people or things through familiar examples such as social media, railway tracks, highways, and branch offices connected to a head office. It then extends this concept to computer networks, where two or more computer systems are connected to communicate and share information.

      The explanation provides a useful starting point for students who want to understand networking concepts through practical examples. These fundamentals can be applied while developing Networking Projects for Final Year, where understanding how systems communicate and exchange information can help connect theoretical concepts with practical applications.

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    2. The distinction between a general network and a computer network also creates a foundation for exploring areas such as intranets and the Internet. Students interested in extending these concepts into security-focused applications can explore Network Security Projects for Final Year, where networking principles can be applied to practical security scenarios.

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  6. A network is a collection of interconnected devices, such as computers, servers, smartphones, and printers, that communicate and share data with each other through wired or wireless connections. Networks enable users to exchange information, access shared resources, and communicate efficiently across different locations.

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  7. Computer networks play a vital role in modern communication and business operations. Examples include Local Area Networks (LANs) within offices or schools, Wide Area Networks (WANs) that connect geographically distant locations, and the Internet, which is the world's largest network.IT Domains. Networks improve collaboration, resource sharing, and access to information, making them essential for both personal and professional use.

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  8. Excellent explanation! Simple, clear, and beginner-friendly. For anyone looking to learn more, check out Computer-network-Tutorial.

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